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BEYOND TRIDENT

Archive of Parliamentary Developments 2006

For the latest coverage go to: http://www.basicint.org/nuclear/beyondtrident.

Future of the United Kingdom's Nuclear Deterrent - Hansard, 19 December 2006
The Prime Minister (Mr. Tony Blair): The Government White Paper "The Future of the United Kingdom's Nuclear Deterrent", published on 4 December, said that we had sought and received a number of assurances of continued and future co-operation from the Government of the United States of America. Those assurances will ensure that future Governments are able, if they wish, to retain an operationally independent nuclear deterrent capability throughout the life of the replacement class of submarines announced in the White Paper. In my statement to the House of 4 December, I said that those assurances would be set out in an exchange of letters between the President of the United States and me. I have placed copies of the letters in the Libraries of both Houses. Details are also available on the No. 10 website.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmhansrd/
cm061219/wmstext/61219m0001.htm#column_141WS

Letters "ensure nuclear deterrent future" - No. 10 website, 19 December 2006
An exchange of letters between the PM and President Bush on America's continuing involvement in Britain's nuclear deterrent have been published. The letters give assurances of the "continued and future co-operation" of the US Government in the operation of the planned replacement for Trident.
Letter to the President of the United States, pdf 223 kbs
Letter to the Prime Minister, pdf 177 kbs
http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page10657.asp

The Future of the UK's Strategic Nuclear Deterrent: the Manufacturing and Skills Base by the House of Commons Defence Committee, Fourth Report of Session 2006-07, 19 December 2006.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmselect/cmdfence/59/59.pdf

UK Nuclear Deterrent - Hansard, 18 December 2006
Mr. Gordon Prentice: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence how much is planned to be spent on the public consultation on the future of the UK nuclear deterrent; and if he will make a statement.
Des Browne: The Government published a White Paper on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent on 4 December. We have repeatedly said that there will be the fullest possible debate and a vote in the House. The publication of the White Paper is expected to cost £8,000.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061218/text/61218w0011.htm#column_1491W

Nuclear Weapons: Proliferation - Hansard, 18 December 2006

Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what assessment she has made of the effect of the development of a new British nuclear deterrent on nuclear proliferation in (a) Asia, (b) Africa and (c) the Middle East.
Mr. Hoon: The UK's decision to maintain its existing nuclear deterrent, while making a further 20 per cent. cut in operationally available warheads, demonstrates our continued commitment to our obligations under the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT). This sends a strong signal to others, including in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, to comply fully with their own NPT obligations.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061218/text/61218w0014.htm#column_1512W

UK Nuclear Weapons Capability - Hansard, 14 December 2006
Mr. Gordon Prentice: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence how he plans to assess (a) the view of the public on UK nuclear weapons and (b) whether the public supports his position that maintaining nuclear weapons is in the best interests of the UK's future security.
Des Browne: I refer the hon. Member to the answer I gave on 11 December 2006, Official Report, column 569 to the hon. Member for Islington, North (Jeremy Corbyn).

Vanguard Submarines - Hansard, 14 December 2006
Mr. Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence when the decision was taken to reduce the life of Vanguard submarines to 25 years from the 30 years prescribed in the 1998 Strategic Defence Review; and if he will make a statement.
Des Browne: No such decision has been taken. The original requirement for the Vanguard class submarines was for a life of at least 25 years. Subsequently, the 1998 Strategic Defence Review said that:
"We need to ensure that [Trident] can remain an effective deterrent for up to 30 years." Since 1998, we have undertaken a series of studies to refine our assessment of the potential in-service life of the Vanguard-class submarines. As described in the White Paper on the future of the United Kingdom's nuclear deterrent (Command 6994), published on 4 December 2006, we now believe that it should be possible to extend their lives by around five years. This means that we will achieve the aspiration set out in the Strategic Defence Review.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061214/text/61214w0007.htm

Trident - Hansard, 12 December 2006
Mr. Ancram: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence pursuant to the answer of 4 December 2006, Official Report, column 87W, on Trident, where in the Prime Minister's statement of 4 December the information requested in Question 106409 may be found.
Des Browne: The statement on 4 December by my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister summarised the conclusions of the White Paper (CM 6994) on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent. Section 3 of that paper states:
"In terms of their destructive power, nuclear weapons pose a uniquely terrible threat and consequently have a capability to deter acts of aggression that is of a completely different scale to any other form of deterrence. Nuclear weapons remain a necessary element of the capability we need to deter threats from others possessing nuclear weapons".
Conventional forces cannot therefore replicate the deterrent effect of our nuclear forces. The White Paper makes clear that the investment required to maintain our deterrent will not come at the expense of the conventional capabilities our armed forces need.
Mr. Ancram: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence pursuant to the answer of 4 December 2006, Official Report, column 87W, on Trident, where in the Prime Minister's statement of 4 December the information requested in Question 106408 may be found.
Des Browne: The options considered for the UK's future nuclear deterrent were summarised in the statement by my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister on 4 December 2006, Official Report, column 22, and covered more fully in Section 5 and Annex B of the White Paper (Cm 6994) published that day.

UK Nuclear Stockpile - Hansard, 12 December 2006
Andrew George: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what steps the Government have taken to reduce the UK's nuclear stockpile since the withdrawal of the WE.177 freefall bomb in 1998.
Des Browne [holding answer 7 December 2006]: Since completing the withdrawal of the WE 177 freefall bomb, we have dismantled all of the remaining Chevaline warheads which had previously been deployed on the Polaris system. We have also reduced the maximum number of operationally available Trident warheads to fewer than 200. In the White Paper published on 4 December 2006, we announced our decision to make a further reduction in the maximum number of operationally available warheads to fewer than 160.

Vanguard Submarine - Hansard, 12 December 2006
Mr. Jenkin: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence if he will estimate the latest year of main gate for the procurement of the first replacement Vanguard submarine necessary in order to maintain the skills base of the UK's existing submarine construction capacity.
Des Browne: The timing of key decisions on the programme to develop new submarines to replace the Vanguard class will be driven by defence needs. Subject to the outcome of the detailed concept work, we would aim to place a contract for their detailed design by around 2012 to 2014. It is too early to speculate on timings beyond that point.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061212/text/61212w0006.htm#column_934W

Nuclear Submarines - Hansard, 11 December 2006
Dr. Julian Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence (1) what assessment he has made of the cost-effectiveness of adopting existing submarine-launched cruise missiles to carry nuclear warheads;
(2) what assessment he has made of the potential (a) advantages and (b) disadvantages of a nuclear deterrent of nuclear cruise missiles carried on submarines.
Des Browne: The White Paper (CM 6994) on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent published on4 December set out (at paragraph 5-3 and 5-4, Box 5-1 and Annex B, paragraph 6) our assessment of the effectiveness of a nuclear deterrent based on cruise missiles. We concluded that, in terms of both cost and capability, retaining the Trident D5 ballistic missile is by far the best approach.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061211/text/61211w0034.htm#column_882W

Trident - Hansard, 11 December 2006
Mr. Rob Wilson: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence whether the US has (a) power of veto and (b) technological veto over the launch of the Trident nuclear deterrent.
Des Browne: No. The US has no veto over the launch of the UK's Trident missiles, as my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister made clear in his statement on4 December 2006, Official Report, columns 21-38.
Mr. Jenkin: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence if he will estimate the proportion of the defence budget which would be accounted for by Trident's successor in each year of its development and operation.
Des Browne: Our initial estimates of the costs involved in sustaining our independent nuclear deterrent capability were set out in the White Paper: 'The Future of the United Kingdom's Nuclear Deterrent' (Cm 6994), published on 4 December.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061211/text/61211w0035.htm#column_885W

Nuclear Weapons - Hansard, 11 December 2006
Mr. Dai Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs if she will publish the legal advice received by the Government that underpins the policy position that retention and renewal of the UK's nuclear weapons is consistent with the UK's international legal obligations set out in the White Paper on The Future of The United Kingdom's Nuclear Deterrent, CM 6994.
Dr. Howells: Legal issues are dealt with in the White Paper and accompanying factsheet. Legal advice received by the Government is confidential. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/
cmhansrd/cm061211/text/61211w0012.htm#column_776W

Defence Committee to inquire into the White Paper on the Future of the UK's Nuclear Deterrent, 6 December 2006
The Defence Committee welcomes the publication of the Government's White Paper on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent. And it looks forward to a robust and thorough Parliamentary and public debate over the coming months. With the intention of informing that debate, the Defence Committee has today launched its third-stage inquiry into the future of the UK's strategic nuclear deterrent, focusing specifically on the Government's White Paper.
http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/
defence_committee/def061206___no_05.cfm

PM outlines plans for nuclear deterrent, 10 Downing Street Press Release, 4 December 2006
http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page10531.asp
The Prime Minister has made a statement to the House of Commons about the Government's decision to maintain the United Kingdom's independent nuclear power deterrent, saying that "maintaining our nuclear deterrent capability is ... fully consistent with all our international obligations."

Tony Blair said that there were "many complex technical, financial and military issues to be debated in respect of this decision," adding that "none of them obscured or altered the fundamental political judgement at the crux of it. Britain has had an independent nuclear deterrent for the last half century."
He went on to say that "the whole point about the deterrent is not to create circumstances in which it can be used but on the contrary to create circumstances in which it is never used - to thwart risks to the United Kingdom and its security.
The Prime Minister said the decision to replace the UK's current Trident missile system had to happen now is because the current nuclear capable submarines will potentially reach the end of operational service from the early 2020s. It is estimated that it would take 17 years to introduce into service any submarine-based replacement, meaning that the initial steps would have to take place in 2007. Read the full transcript of the statement
The PM said that "from today there would be a very full process of debate and at the conclusion of that process in March next year they intended to have a vote in the House of Commons." The White Paper on the nuclear deterrent is published today.
Read the White Paper (opens in new window)

Press briefing from the Prime Minister's Official Spokesman on: Trident and White Paper, 10 Downing Street, 30 November 2006
Asked if the white paper, published on Monday, would be a consensus of the Cabinet view, the PMOS said yes it would be; the Defence Secretary and Foreign Secretary have been speaking to Cabinet colleagues in detail and initial discussions about the decision have been made already. Asked if the white paper would propose one signal option, the PMOS said yes as was made clear after the last Cabinet discussion on the matter that the white paper would not be an a la carte approach, it would be a government decision.
http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page10515.asp

The Future of the UK's Strategic Nuclear Deterrent: the manufacturing and skills base

Defence Committee Oral Evidence' by Lord Drayson, Minister for Defence Procurement; Mr David Gould, Deputy Chief Executive, Defence Procurement Agency; Mr Nick Bennett, Director General Strategic Technologies; Rear Admiral Andrew Mathews, Director General Nuclear (afternoon) and by Mr Bernie Hamilton, National Officer for Aerospace and Shipbuilding, Amicus; Mr Keith Hazlewood, National Secretary, Engineering Section, GMB; Mr Bob King, Chief Negotiating Officer, Prospect; Mr Terry Waiting, Chair, Keep Our Future Afloat Campaign; Dr Kate Hudson, Chair, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament; Dr Dominick Jenkins, Senior Disarmament Campaigner, Greenpeace (morning), 21 November 2006.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmdfence.htm#uncorr

Nuclear Deterrent

House of Commons Hansard, 21 November 2006

John Barrett: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what preliminary estimates his Department has made of the cost of a new generation of nuclear deterrent based on the Trident system. Des Browne: We have indicated that a White Paper will be published once decisions have been taken later this year on the future of the nuclear deterrent. This White Paper will set out the results of the preparatory work which has been under way on risks, threats, options and costs.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmhansrd/cm061121/
text/61121w0006.htm#column_55W

Non-proliferation Treaty

House of Commons Hansard, 21 November 2006

Mr. Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what plans she has for the implementation of Article 6 of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; and if she will make a statement. Dr. Howells: The UK is committed to the full implementation of all articles in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. The UK has a good record in fulfilling its disarmament obligations under Article VI and is widely recognised as the most forward leaning nuclear-weapons state in this regard. We will continue to press for multilateral negotiations towards mutual, balanced and reliable reductions in nuclear weapons.

Trident

Hansard 21 November 2006

Mr. Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs if she will make it her policy to offer not to replace the Trident nuclear weapons system in return for the Government of (a) North Korea and (b) Iran discontinuing their nuclear weapons programmes; and if she will make a statement. Dr. Howells: Iran and North Korea signed up to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) as non-nuclear weapon states. Development of nuclear weapons programmes would be in direct contravention of their legal obligations under the NPT not to acquire or seek to acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. We continue to call on them to respect these obligations and abandon their weapons programmes. In contrast, the UK is recognised under the NPT as a nuclear weapon state. Ministers are considering the issues involved in the question of whether or not to replace the Trident system but final decisions have yet to be taken.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmhansrd/cm061121/
text/61121w0008.htm#column_63W

Safer Britain, Safer World

by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, 21 November 2006.

CND today launched an Alternative White Paper on Trident Replacement at a press conference in Westminster. Six MPs spoke in favour of the initiative at the press conference, with supporting statements from an additional four.
http://www.cnduk.org/pages/altwhitepaper.pdf

The Future of the UK's Strategic Nuclear Deterrent: the manufacturing and skills base

Defence Committee Oral Evidence' by Mr Murray Easton, Mr Steve Ludlam, Mr Peter Whitehouse, Mr Ron Grant, Mr Jim Morrison and Mr Joe Oatley, 7 November 2006.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmselect/
cmdfence/uc1705-i/uc170502.htm

Atomic Weapons Establishment

Hansard 7 November 2006

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence whether the Atomic Weapons Establishment (a) has conducted and (b) is conducting studies of a hydrodynamic testing facility involving fix x-ray machines.

Des Browne: As part of the site development strategy at the Atomic Weapons Establishment a study has been initiated into refurbishing and rebuilding the existing hydrodynamics research facilities. It is likely that any new facilities will involve the use of flash x-rays. The study is ongoing.

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence whether the Atomic Weapons Establishment has conducted studies of the use of hydrodynamic test facilities for maintaining the security and reliability of the UK nuclear deterrent.

Des Browne: Hydrodynamics testing is an essential element of the nuclear warhead assurance programme. An article on stockpile stewardship was published in 'Nature' on 21 February 2002 which included explanations on the need for hydrodynamic trials in the comprehensive test ban treaty era.

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence whether the Atomic Weapons Establishment is considering new hydrodynamic testing facilities.

Des Browne: We are replacing facilities as necessary to maintain the safety and reliability of the UK stockpile.

Alan Simpson: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence how many (a) scientists, (b) engineers and (c) technicians the Atomic Weapons Establishment is planning to hire over the next five years; and in what areas of expertise.

Des Browne: Based upon current contract assumptions, AWE plc is planning to recruit in the order of (a) 60 scientists, (b) 180 engineers, and (c) 50 technical support personnel in each of the next two years. The areas of expertise are diverse, and will include chemistry, computer science, materials science, nuclear physics, chemical engineering, decommissioning and waste management, civil engineering, manufacturing, metallurgy, electrical and electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, assurance, laboratory support and IT/telecommunications. The company has indicated that it has not formulated any firm plans for recruitment beyond this period.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/cm061107/
text/61107w0105.htm#column_1448W

Trident

Hansard 7 November 2006

Dr. Julian Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence by what dates he will (a) publish the proposed White Paper and (b) hold the proposed parliamentary debate and vote on the replacement of Trident by a new generation of the nuclear deterrent.

Des Browne [holding answer 1 November 2006]: It remains our intention that decisions on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent will be taken later this year, following which we will publish a White Paper. There will then be a parliamentary debate and a vote. It is too early to set out a more specific timetable.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/cm061107/
text/61107w0115.htm#column_1500W

Trident Replacement

House of Commons Hansard, 30 Oct 2006 : Column 113W

Lynne Featherstone: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence when he expects to publish the white paper on options for the replacement of Trident.

Des Browne: It remains our intention that decisions on the future of the UK’s nuclear deterrent will be taken later this year, following which we will publish a White Paper.

Nuclear Weapons

House of Commons Hansard, 26 Oct 2006 : Column 2017W

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what discussions he has had with his NATO counterparts on the future of the UK nuclear deterrent.

Des Browne: It remains our intention that decisions on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent will be taken later this year. Officials are now working to prepare for these decisions and, as part of this work, we are getting information from a variety of sources. I am withholding the detail of any specific discussions with other Governments as this would, or would be likely to prejudice international relations.

Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what assessment he has made of the level of national security of UK allies who have chosen not (a) to retain and (b) to obtain a nuclear weapons capability. [95217]

26 Oct 2006 : Column 2018W

Des Browne [holding answer 19 October 2006]: We do not make assessments of the national security arrangements of our NATO allies.

Trident

House of Commons Hansard, 26 Oct 2006 : Column 2019W

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence if he will estimate the costs of decommissioning the (a) submarines and (b) missiles and warheads of the current Trident system.

Des Browne: I refer the hon. Member to the answer I gave on 24 July 2006, Official Report, column 778W to my hon. Friend the Member for Newport West (Paul Flynn). The indicative decommissioning liabilities are subject to periodic review.

Nuclear Weapons

House of Commons Hansard, 23 Oct 2006 : Column 1525W

Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence how many countries offer the reason of ultimate guarantor of national security for the maintenance of a nuclear weapons capability.

Des Browne: The Government's position has long been that Trident is the ultimate guarantor of the UK's national security while we press for multilateral negotiations towards mutual, balanced and verifiable reductions in nuclear weapons. The UK is committed to working towards a safer world, free from nuclear weapons. The reasons why other countries maintain a nuclear weapons capability are a matter for them.

Trident

House of Commons Hansard, 16 Oct 2006 : Column 994W

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence pursuant to the Answer of 13 July 2006, Official Report, column 1945W, on Trident, what the estimated service life is of the Trident warhead pit.

Des Browne: I am withholding details of the estimated life of the Trident warhead pit as its disclosure would prejudice the defence of the United Kingdom.

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what plans there are to upgrade the Stronglink and Weaklink safety systems on the Trident warhead.

Des Browne: I am withholding this information as its disclosure would prejudice the security of the United Kingdom.

Trident

House of Commons Hansard, 12 Oct 2006 : Column 815W

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what research his Department has carried out to verify the integrity of software created and tested in the US for the UK shore-based target planning system for Trident.

Mr. Ingram: The UK shore-based target planning system for Trident is validated through a range of UK and US research programmes. UK experts then independently verify the system against requirements before issuing it to Royal Navy submarines.

Trident

House of Commons Hansard, 9 Oct 2006 : Column 190W

Nick Harvey: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence pursuant to his answer of 20 July 2006, Official Report, column 597W, to the hon. Member for Angus (Mr. Weir), on Trident, what the reasons are for the increase in the annual expenditure for capital and running costs of the Trident nuclear deterrent to between 5 and 5.5 per cent. of the defence budget in 2006-07.

Des Browne: The increase is due primarily to the programme of additional investment in sustaining key skills and facilities at the Atomic Weapons Establishment announced by my right hon. Friend the Member for Airdrie and Shorts (John Reid) on 19 July 2006, Official Report, column 59WS.

AWE Aldermaston

House of Commons Hansard, 2 Oct 2006 : Column 2562W

Jeremy Corbyn: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what the latest estimate is of total capital spending on AWE Aldermaston (a) in 2006-07 and (b) in each of the next three years.

Des Browne [holding answer 13 September 2006]: The currently planned capital expenditure at the two AWE sites at Aldermaston and Burghfield is in the order of £340 million in 2006-07 and £420 million for 2007-08, both at outturn prices. Spending plans for subsequent years have yet to be finalised.

Trident

House of Commons Hansard, 2 Oct 2006 : Column 2578W

Keith Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence how much it will cost to maintain the Trident weapons system between 2007 and 2020.

Des Browne: The annual expenditure on capital and running costs of the Trident nuclear deterrent, including costs for the Atomic Weapons Establishment, is expected to be between 5 and 5.5 per cent. of the Defence budget in 2006-07 and 2007-08. Spending plans for subsequent years will be set as part of the Government's Spending Review process.

For the latest coverage go to: http://www.basicint.org/nuclear/beyondtrident.

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